The panel of seven judges is scheduled to meet and reach a verdict on Thursday - unless an adjournment is called.
Left-wing groups opposed to Temer and his austerity reforms said they plan protests near the court in Brasilia to demand the president's resignation.
Temer has repeatedly stated that he will not resign.
Temer and Rousseff have repeatedly denied any wrongdoing involving campaign finance donations. When Rousseff was impeached a year ago, Temer took over.
But starting Tuesday, Temer faces the separate, more immediate challenge of the Supreme Electoral Tribunal (TSE).
Benjamin told the court Tuesday that Brazil's courts "judge facts as facts and not based on political expediency".
Rousseff claims innocence as does Temer, who argues that his team was not responsible for the fundraising of the ticket.
The suit was brought after the election by the right-leaning Brazilian Social Democracy Party, whose presidential candidate, Aecio Neves, lost to the ticket of then President Dilma Rousseff and Temer as her vice presidential running mate.
If the court decides against the Rousseff-Temer ticket, Temer's mandate would be annulled and Congress would have to pick someone to serve out his term through December 2018.
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A third-round pick of the Broncos in 2010, he has amassed 385 receptions, 5,253 receiving yards and 74 touchdowns in his career. You never know how this is going to unfold. "On behalf of the organization, I wish him the best as he continues his career".
- Lame duck -If Temer is convicted by the electoral court, he can appeal, but he'd still face the ongoing parallel corruption probe and his grip on power may become untenable.
"Not Temer. We want these people to leave the Brazilian political scene and let the people choose a leader directly, someone who will take the country where the people want it to go, via general and direct (elections) for President and the National Congress".
Before serving as tourism minister, Mr Alves was the speaker of the lower house from 2013 to 2015 and was considered a close ally of Mr Temer.
The investigation into construction fraud in a 2014 World Cup stadium in Brazil's northeastern city of Natal, the Arena das Dunas stadium, is one of several stadiums to come under investigation.
That investigation is looking into whether Temer should be charged with passive corruption and obstruction of justice.
But Temer's standing has been dramatically weakened by the revelation last month of a secretly made audio recording in which Temer is allegedly heard approving payment of hush money from a meatpacking tycoon to a top politician jailed for corruption. The president is being investigated after allegations surfaced that he sanctioned bribes to disgraced former parliamentary speaker Eduardo Cunha-who was given a 15-year prison sentence in March for accepting some $40 million in kickbacks.
The TSE is deciding whether abuse of power - principally the use of corrupt campaign money - fatally undermined the validity of the 2014 election, in which Temer was re-elected vice president with then-president Dilma Rousseff.
Police sent the questions to Temer a day before the country's top electoral court opens a hearing into supposed irregularities during the 2014 electoral campaign.
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