When Justice Antonin Scalia died in February 2016, McConnell decided immediately that the Senate would not fill the seat until the next president was elected.
Gorsuch has been a judge of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the 10th Circuit, based in Denver.
Democrats must be in shock as they watch Trump reintroduce America as a global power.
He will take a second oath later in the day at a public White House ceremony officiated by Justice Anthony Kennedy. He rested his left hand on a Bible held by his British wife, Louise, whom he then embraced warmly as Trump applauded enthusiastically.
Trump is anxious to celebrate Gorsuch's success because it is one of the few clear accomplishments of his young administration, uniting Republicans.
"Together we are in a process of reviewing and renewing and also rebuilding our country", Trump said.
Justice Byron White had a five-year rule, telling new justices that's how long adjusting takes.
His credentials include degrees from Columbia, Harvard Law and Oxford and clerkships with two Supreme Court justices, the late Byron White and Kennedy, who will be administering the oath to his protege in the White House Rose Garden. I have always heard, the most important thing that a President does is appoint people, hopefully great people, like this appointment, to the United States Supreme Court. "And I got it done in the first 100 days - that's even nice".
So where does Gorsuch stand on the spectrum of liberal to conservative, compared with the other active Supreme Court justices?
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On Thursday, Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell triggered a legislative manoeuvre known as the "nuclear option" when Republicans lacked the 60 votes required to end debate on Mr Gorsuch. "Today's vote is the culmination of over 30 years of abuse and obstruction by Democrats in the judicial confirmation process", said Leo. But true to form, the president reserved the most meaningful praise for himself.
During the Senate confirmation hearings, Democrats grilled Gorsuch on a variety of subjects, from wiretapping and torture to guns and abortion.
Justice Anthony Kennedy administered the oath to Gorsuch, his former law clerk.
"Justice Gorsuch, you are now entrusted with the sacred duty of defending our Constitution", Mr. Trump said during the ceremony.
Gorsuch and his colleagues must also address a case challenging North Carolina's voter identification law, key portions of which were struck down by an appellate court.
Those years begin right away. The president added that Americans are "blessed" to have Gorsuch, who, like his predecessor, is "a man who will likewise be a devoted servant of the law".
She said the scut work had a way of humbling her. "His record as an appeals court judge shows a respect for all religious believers, whether they have views that are now popular or politically correct". Justice Gorsuch shares Justice Scalia's judicial philosophy and we are confident he will rule to overturn the illegitimate marriage decision. The president is predicting Gorsuch will go down as "one of the truly great justices" in the court's history. He vowed to choose from the combined list, recommended separately by The Heritage Foundation and the Federalist Society, in naming Supreme Court justices.
The location of the swearing-in marked a departure from recent precedent.
"Throughout his almost 30 years on the Supreme Court, Justice Kennedy has been praised by all for his dedicated and dignified service", Trump said.
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